How to Read Key Signatures for Beginners (The Easy Way)

Learning how to read key signatures is important if you want to master all of your major and minor scales, or if you're someone who enjoys improvising and wants to know about chord scales. Understanding which key you are in is a crucial first-step when learning to play any new piece of music, largely because you want to know in advance which notes will be sharps or flats, as opposed to having to constantly refer back to the key signature for reminders.

Many music students learn this fairly early on in their musical studies, but just in case any of you missed this nugget, I'm going to show you a little trick for reading key signatures.

When you look at a key signature, understand that the sharps or flats read in order from left to right, even though it looks like they are being written in an up-and-down pattern. Take this key signature, for example:

Trick for reading key signatures 1

The sharps written here are (in order from left to right): F#, C#, G#, D#, A#.

Here is the trick for finding out which major key you are in when reading a sharp key signature: Find the last sharp. Go up one half-step. This is your major key.

On the example above, the last sharp is A#. Going up one half-step from A# brings us to B. Therefore the key signature written is for the key of B major.

Let's try another one. What is the major key signature written below?

how to read key signatures

There are three sharps - F#, C#, and G#. The last sharp is G#. Going up one half-step from G# brings us to A. Therefore, this key signature is the key of A major.

The trick how to read key signatures for flats is a bit different. For flat keys: Find the second-to-last flat. This is your major key.

Try the flat-key example below.

how to read key signatures flat keys

Reading from left to right, the flats are Bb, Eb, Ab, Db, and Gb. The second-to-last flat is Db. Therefore, this is the key signature for Db major.

This trick will work for all but two of the twelve major key signatures. The exceptions are the key of C major (which has no sharps or flats), and the key of F major. F major has only one flat in its key signature - Bb. And since having one flat means there is no second-to-last flat, this key must simply be memorized.

how to read key signatures key of f

So get started learning all 12 of your major-key key signatures, and try using this trick as often as possible! This will help you learn how to read flat key signatures and help in your overall quest in learning how to read key signatures no matter if in major or minor.

It doesn't need to be difficult to learn how to read key signatures. Take your time and work through our reading music lessons as a guide.

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